Underneath what is today called the Church of the Nativity, there are a series of caves. Here, perhaps in the year 4 BC, Jesus of Nazareth was born. Or he may have been born in a town known as Bethlehem of the Galilee, located in the Galilee. Christian theology posits his birth took place in the same town as his ancestor King David, here in the Judean hill country, just outside of Jerusalem.